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damage的用法与搭配

2025-12-08 21:56:33 来源:网易 用户:卢艳菡 

damage的用法与搭配】在英语学习中,“damage”是一个常见且重要的词汇,常用于描述对物体、人或事物造成的破坏或损害。它既可以作为名词使用,也可以作为动词使用,其用法和搭配较为丰富。以下是对“damage”的用法与常见搭配的总结。

一、damage 的基本含义

- 作为名词(n.):表示“损害、损坏、破坏”,通常指对某物的物理或抽象上的伤害。

- 作为动词(v.):表示“损害、毁坏、使受损”,强调动作本身。

二、damage 作为名词的常见搭配

搭配 含义 例句
do damage to something 对……造成损害 The storm did damage to the crops.
cause damage to something 造成……的损害 The fire caused damage to the building.
suffer damage 受到损害 The company suffered damage from the scandal.
repair the damage 修复损害 They are trying to repair the damage caused by the accident.
do a lot of damage 造成很大的损害 The earthquake did a lot of damage to the city.

三、damage 作为动词的常见搭配

搭配 含义 例句
damage something 损害某物 He damaged the car by crashing into a tree.
damage someone’s reputation 损害某人的声誉 The false information damaged her reputation.
damage the environment 损害环境 Pollution can damage the environment.
damage the relationship 损害关系 His dishonesty damaged their friendship.
damage the image 损害形象 The mistake damaged the company’s image.

四、其他相关表达

- inflict damage on someone/something:对……造成伤害

The war inflicted damage on the country.

- suffer damage:遭受损害(多用于被动语态)

The building was said to have suffered damage during the storm.

- cause/lead to damage:导致损害

Poor maintenance can cause damage to the machinery.

五、注意事项

1. damage 作为动词时,常用于正式或书面语中,口语中更常用 “hurt” 或 “break”。

2. damage 通常不用于描述情绪或心理上的伤害,除非是比喻用法。

3. damage 一般不用于指代“伤害”本身,而是指“被破坏的状态”。

总结

“damage” 是一个多功能词汇,既可作名词也可作动词,广泛应用于描述对物体、环境、声誉、关系等的破坏。掌握其常见搭配和用法,有助于提高语言表达的准确性和自然性。通过合理使用这些搭配,可以更清晰地传达“损害”这一概念。

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